解读：2017年3月英国最新移民法修改草案

来自：微小小 0 0 2017-03-22

与每年正常时间一样，每年两次的英国移民法修改草案（4月，11月），如期而至。

收到移民局的正常邮件，通知今年的移民法修改草案已经出台，下一步要正式提交上议院，女王签发，如无特殊情况，今年的4月，本次修改的移民法草案将成为正式法律，正式实施。

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最新的移民法修改草案主要修改的地方有如下几个方面，值得大家注意的地方，为了避免产生理解的误差，特把英文相应条款一起列上来，供大家一起参考。

为节省篇幅，本文仅仅重点分析与华人相关的几个基本签证类型的变化，包括企业家移民，工作签证，学生签证，配偶申请永居的居住条件等等。

英文版本的基本大纲：

英文链接：https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/statement-of-changes-to-the-immigration-rules-hc1078-16-march-2017

修改草案主要目的：（摘录解析）

2.1. The purpose of these changes is to:

Implement the second of two phases of changes to Tier 2, announced by the Government on 24 March 2016 following a review by the independent Migration Advisory Committee.

Extend the overseas criminal record certificate requirement to Tier 2 migrants coming to work in education, health and social care sectors and to their adult dependants.

进一步贯彻和实施本届政府再2016年3月24日宣布的，在独立移民资讯委员会重申后的，关于工作签证政策修改的第二阶段。

将海外无犯罪记录证明的要求扩展到工作签证，凡是涉及到教育，卫生和社会保健部门的工作岗位。

与国人相关的一些签证类型的修改草案：

无犯罪记录修改条例

7.3. The requirement to provide an overseas criminal record certificate as part of an entry clearance application was introduced for Tier 1 (Entrepreneur) and Tier 1 (Investor) migrants on 1 September 2015.

We are making changes to Part 6A and Part 8 of the Immigration Rules to insert this requirement into the relevant eligibility provisions, as well as to extend the requirement to provide a criminal record certificate to Tier 2 (General) migrants who are intending to work in education, health and social care sectors and to their adult dependants.

The extension of this requirement will strengthen safeguards against those with a criminal history seeking to come to the UK. As the requirement will now be set out in Part 6A and Part 8, we are deleting paragraph 320(2A).

一句话解释：老政策下，只有投资移民及企业家移民需要提供无犯罪记录，信政策将海外无犯罪记录证明的要求扩展到凡是涉及到教育，卫生和社会保健部门的工作岗位的工作签证。其中包括申请人本人及成人的陪伴家属，同样需要提供无犯罪记录证明。

企业家移民修改条例

An amendment to provide a clearer definition of “invested” funds;

Removing references to HM Revenue & Customs documentation which has been discontinued in light of self-assessment of self-employed earnings;

Clarifying the evidential requirements for applicants who have invested in a Limited Liability Partnership;

Revising the specified evidence required to demonstrate that an entrepreneur’s employee has settled status in the UK (to satisfy the requirement for the applicant to create jobs for settled workers);

Clarifying the specified evidence on job creation, so that an applicant can provide confirmation from an accountant that their business did not employ any workers prior to their involvement.

一句话解释：

企业家移民条例的修改主要集中在一些特别定义及名词的司法解释，包括以下几个条款。

1，对于已投资金额，资金的认定；

2，取消了一些过时的的关于税务方面的文件，特别是在自雇收入方面的说明；

3，解释了在成立或者加入(LLP)有限责任合伙制形式下的证据要求；

4，修改了关于认定就业机会创造中，关于已经定居人士的身份证明文件的说明；（进一步说明如何证明你雇佣的是本土人士settled person status）

5，进一步解释定义了在工作机会的产生时候，证明方面的进一步证据要求, 会计需要出具确认信证明在投资或者参商业行为之前，没有已有工作岗位（产生的岗位全部是新增岗位）

毕业生企业家移民修改条例

Tier 1 (Graduate Entrepreneur)

7.8. The Immigration Rules are being amended, so in the event of there being remaining places in the Tier 1 (Graduate Entrepreneur) limit after the initial round of allocations, the Secretary of State may allocate additional places to endorsing bodies by ad hoc request throughout the remainder of the year, rather than at a fixed point in the autumn (30 September).

一句话解释：

改变原来每年9月30日统一发放毕业生企业家名额给各个高校的方法，根据每个高校的实际情况，灵活发放，简单而言，给学校更多权力和好处，只要名额用完了，理论而言，可以随时申请新的名额，但是具体的申请及审核标准，有单独的说明和要求。

工作签证修改条例

7.15. The following changes are being made following the review of Tier 2 by the MAC: The following changes are being made following the review of Tier 2 by the MAC:

The salary threshold for experienced workers is being increased to 30,000 for the majority of new applicants. The salary threshold for new entrants remains at 20,800.

Changes are being made to support posts associated with the relocation of a high value business to the UK or a significant new inward investment project, where the sponsor is a newly-registered (within the last 3 years) branch or subsidiary of an overseas business and the investment involves new capital expenditure of 27 million or the creation of at least 21 new UK jobs. Sponsors in such cases will be exempt from carrying out a Resident Labour Market Test and from the requirement to assign a restricted Certificate of Sponsorship under the Tier 2 (General) limit.

Tier 4 Students must have satisfied certain study requirements during their continuous stay in the UK to switch into Tier 2 (General) in the UK.

一句话解释：

工作签证起薪提高到20,800英镑，其中有经验的人士工作签证起薪为30,000英镑。

为了吸引更多的投资，移民局对于一些特殊的，巨大的（投资2700万英镑活着产生至少21各英国就业机会的）投资项目方提供特殊政策，担保单位可以免于进行本地劳动力市场测试（省了个广告钱）。

学生签证修改条例

The following changes are being made in Tier 4:

Tier 4 students who have work rights are limited in the number of hours they may work per week. An amendment is being made to set out a definition of a week, in order to ensure clarity for students, employers and sponsors.

An amendment is being made to clarify that only where an applicant is being sponsored wholly by a Government or international scholarship agency by means of an award which covers both fees and maintenance must they provide the unconditional written consent of the sponsoring Government or agency to the application, and the specified documents set out in paragraph 245A.

Under Tier 4 (General), if the course is below degree level, the grant of entry clearance or leave must not lead to the applicant having been granted more than 2 years in the UK as a Tier 4 migrant since the age of 18 to study courses that did not consist of degree level study.

Tier 4 (Child) applicants and Tier 4 (General) applicants who are under the age of 18 must provide confirmation from a parent or guardian that they consent to the arrangements for the child’s travel to, and reception and care in the UK.

An amendment is being made to require evidence of the relationship between the applicant and the person providing consent.

An amendment is being made to correct a typographical error in paragraph 245ZX(c), making clear that the applicant must have a minimum of 30 points under paragraphs 113 to 120 and 120A of Appendix A.

An amendment is being made to clarify the rules in relation to how soon an applicant seeking to study in the UK after a period of overstaying must commence their new course, to ensure consistency with wider rule changes that came into effect in November 2016.

Under the Tier 4 (General) route, sponsors may only sponsor migrants to undertake courses that meet certain academic standards. An amendment is being made to allow sponsors who have Probationary Sponsor status to sponsor applicants to undertake courses at a lower level where the applicants are under the age of 18.

An amendment is being made to simplify the language when referring to an applicant’s valid passport.

Under Tier 4 (General), loan funds for maintenance purposes must be made available to the applicant before they travel to the UK.

An amendment is being made to allow loan funds to be paid directly to the educational institution in the UK with the living costs portion of the loan released to the applicant before or on arrival in the UK.

This change is being made because loans paid directly to educational institutions are deemed to provide sufficient security and evidence that the student has the requisite means to support themselves while studying in the UK.

Where an applicant within the Tier 4 (Child) route has a younger sibling who is being accompanied by their parent(s) on the Parent of a Tier 4 (Child) route, an amendment is being made to provide for the applicant to show maintenance on the basis that they will reside with their parent(s).

一句话解释：

学生签证总体来看，没有大的区别，仅仅在对学生工作小时的定义上加强了解释，同时对于通过借款形式在英国学习的学生签证，增加了要求借款必须直接支付到院校，而不是以前的可以在申请人个人名下。

针对18岁，16岁以下的儿童学生签证，做出更细致的要求，包括本科以下课程的具体学习时间不可以超过3年，以及有两个孩子同时在英国留学时，家长如何证明生活费做出更进一步的法律解释。

重点重点重点！！！

关于家属申请永居时候的居住条件修改

The Rules are amended to delete the definition of ‘continuous’ inserted by HC667 of 3 November 2016, for the purposes of the residence requirements applied to family members of relevant Points-Based System migrants applying for settlement.

这个部分是重点：这个解释基本上涉及到所有持有投资移民，企业家移民的家属申请永居时候的居住要求。

请注意：大叔的判断和观点是：

每年离境不得超过180天的要求并没有更改

更改的是：删除“continuous”这个造成很多不同解释，容易引起歧义的定义说明。

我们首先看看英文原文里的要求是什么：

8.2. At end of paragraph 319E(d)(ii), delete: “In this sub-paragraph “continuous” means an unbroken period and for this purpose a period shall not be considered to have been broken in any of the circumstances set out in paragraph 245AAA(a)(i) to (iii).”. 在移民法条款第319E(d)(ii)条款中删除：“在本条款中，”连续“是指任意不间断的期间，为此目的，任何期间不得视为已被破坏

第245AAA(a)(i)至(iii). 简单而言，这句被删除的话应该理解为是对这个单词的一个解释（continuous)。

我们再往深处去判断移民法条款319条中对245条做出定义解释的目的是什么，245AAA条款中的规定细节内容是什么？